Imigaqo emine engundoqo yokukhetha imoto

Intshayelelo:Imigangatho yereferensi yokhetho lweemoto ikakhulu ibandakanya: uhlobo lwemoto, amandla ombane kunye nesantya;uhlobo lwemoto kunye nohlobo;ukhetho lohlobo lokhuseleko lwemoto;amandla ombane wemoto kunye nesantya, njl.

Imigangatho yereferensi yokukhethwa kweemoto ikakhulu ibandakanya: uhlobo lwemoto, umbane kunye nesantya;uhlobo lwemoto kunye nohlobo;ukhetho lohlobo lokhuseleko lwemoto;amandla ombane kunye nesantya.

Ukukhetha imoto kufuneka kubhekiselele kwezi meko zilandelayo:

1.Uhlobo lonikezelo lwamandla kwimoto, njengesigaba esinye, isigaba sesithathu, iDC,njl.

2.Indawo yokusebenza yemoto, nokuba isiganeko sokusebenza kwemoto sineempawu ezikhethekileyo, ezinjengomswakama, ubushushu obuphantsi, ukubola kweekhemikhali, uthuli,njl.

3.Indlela yokusebenza yemoto kukusebenza ngokuqhubekayo, ukusebenza kwexesha elifutshane okanye ezinye iindlela zokusebenza.

4.Indlela yokuhlanganisa yemoto, njengendibano ethe nkqo, indibano ethe tye,njl.

5.Amandla kunye nesantya semoto, njl., amandla kunye nesantya kufuneka sihlangabezane neemfuno zomthwalo.

6.Ezinye izinto, ezifana nokuba kuyimfuneko ukutshintsha isantya, nokuba kukho isicelo esikhethekileyo sokulawula, uhlobo lomthwalo, njl.

1. Ukukhethwa kohlobo lwemoto, i-voltage kunye nesantya

Xa ukhetha uhlobo lwemoto, iinkcukacha zombane kunye nesantya, kunye namanyathelo aqhelekileyo, ngokuyininzi isekelwe kwiimfuno zomatshini wokuvelisa umbane wokuqhuba umbane, njengenqanaba le-frequency yokuqala kunye ne-braking, nokuba kukho imfuneko yokulawula isantya, njl.njl ukukhetha uhlobo lwangoku lwemoto.Oko kukuthi, khetha imotor yangoku okanye imoto yeDC;okwesibini, ubungakanani bombane ongezelelweyo wemoto kufuneka bukhethwe ngokubambisana nendawo yokubonelela umbane;ke isantya sayo esongezelelweyo kufuneka sikhethwe kwisantya esifunwa ngumatshini wokuvelisa kunye neemfuno zezixhobo zokuhambisa;kwaye ke ngokomatshini kunye nomatshini wokuvelisa.Indawo engqongileyo imisela uhlobo loyilo kunye nohlobo lokhuseleko lwemoto;ekugqibeleni, amandla ongezelelweyo (umthamo) wemoto umiselwa ubungakanani bamandla obuyimfuneko kumatshini wokuvelisa.Ngokusekwe kwezi ngqwalasela zingentla, ekugqibeleni khetha imotor ehlangabezana neemfuno kwikhathalogu yemveliso yeemoto.Ukuba i-motor edweliswe kwikhathalogu yemveliso ayinakuhlangabezana neemfuno ezikhethekileyo zomatshini wokuvelisa, inokuthi yenziwe ngokwezifiso kumenzi wemoto.

2.Ukukhethwa kohlobo lweemoto kunye nohlobo

Ukukhethwa kwemoto kusekelwe kwi-AC kunye ne-DC, iimpawu zoomatshini, ukulawulwa kwesantya kunye nokusebenza kokuqala, ukukhuselwa kunye nexabiso, njl., ngoko ke kufuneka kulandelwe le migaqo ilandelayo xa ukhetha:

1. Okokuqala, khetha inqanaba lesithathu le-squirrel-cage motor asynchronous.Ngenxa yokuba ineenzuzo zokulula, ukuqina, ukusebenza okuthembekileyo, ixabiso eliphantsi kunye nokugcinwa okufanelekileyo, kodwa iintsilelo zayo zinzima ukulawulwa kwesantya, amandla aphantsi, isiqalo esikhulu sangoku kunye ne-torque encinci.Ke ngoko, ilungele kakhulu oomatshini abaqhelekileyo bokuvelisa kunye nokuqhuba ngeempawu zoomatshini onzima kwaye akukho mfuno zikhethekileyo zolawulo lwesantya, njengezixhobo zoomatshini abaqhelekileyo kunye noomatshini bokuvelisa abafana.iimpompo okanye iifeni ezinamandla angaphantsi kwe100KW .

2. Ixabiso lemoto yenxeba liphezulu kunelo lemoto yekheji, kodwa iimpawu zayo zomatshini zinokutshintshwa ngokudibanisa ukuchasana ne-rotor, ngoko inokunciphisa ukuqala kwangoku kunye nokwandisa i-torque yokuqala, ngoko ingasetyenziselwa. umthamo omncinci wonikezelo lwamandla.Apho amandla eemoto emakhulu okanye kukho imfuneko yolawulo lwesantya, njengezixhobo ezithile zokuphakamisa, izixhobo zokunyusela kunye nokuphakamisa, izixhobo zokucinezela kunye nokuhamba komqadi wezixhobo zomatshini onzima, njl.

3. Xa isikali solawulo lwesantya sisezantsi kunoko1:10,kwayeiyafuneka ukuba ukwazi ukulungisa isantya ngokutyibilikayo, i-slip motor inokukhethwa kuqala.Uhlobo loyilo lwemoto lunokwahlulwa lube ziindidi ezimbini: uhlobo oluthe tye kunye nohlobo oluthe nkqo ngokomahluko wendawo yayo yokuhlangana.I-shaft ye-motor ethe tye idityaniswe ngokuthe tye, kwaye i-shaft ye-motor ethe nkqo ihlanganiswe ngokuthe nkqo ukuya phezulu, ngoko ke ii-motor ezimbini azikwazi ukutshintshwa.Kwiimeko eziqhelekileyo, kufuneka ukhethe kuphela i-motor ethe tye.Ngethuba nje kuyimfuneko ukuqhuba ngokuthe nkqo (njengeempompo zequla ezinzulu ezithe nkqo kunye noomatshini bokwemba, njl.njl.), ukwenzela ukuba kube lula ukudibanisa ukuhanjiswa, i-motor ethe nkqo kufuneka ithathelwe ingqalelo (kuba ibiza kakhulu) .

3.Ukukhethwa kohlobo lokhuseleko lwemoto

Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zokukhusela injini.Xa ukhetha usetyenziso, uhlobo lokhuseleko olufanelekileyo kufuneka lukhethwe ngokwendawo ezahlukeneyo zokusebenza.Uhlobo lokukhusela lwemoto lubandakanya uhlobo oluvulekileyo, uhlobo olukhuselayo, uhlobo oluvaliweyo, uhlobo lobungqina bokuqhuma, uhlobo lwe-submersible njalo njalo.Khetha uhlobo oluvulekileyo kwindawo eqhelekileyo ngenxa yokuba luncinci, kodwa lufanelekile kuphela kwiindawo ezomileyo nezicocekileyo.Kwiindawo ezifumileyo, ezikwaziyo ukumelana nemozulu, ezinothuli, ezinokutsha, nezinokonakala, uhlobo oluvaliweyo kufuneka lukhethwe.Xa i-insulation iyingozi kwaye kulula ukuvuthwa ngumoya oxinyiweyo, uhlobo lokukhusela lunokukhethwa.Ngokubhekiselele kwi-motor yeepompo ezingaphantsi kwamanzi, uhlobo olutywinwe ngokupheleleyo kufuneka lwamkelwe ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukufuma akungenwanga xa usebenza emanzini.Xa i-motor isendaweni enobungozi bomlilo okanye ukuqhuma, kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba uhlobo lobungqina bokudubula kufuneka lukhethwe.

Isine,ukukhethwa kwamandla ombane kunye nesantya

1. Xa ukhetha i-motor kumatshini wokuvelisa weshishini elikhoyo lomzi-mveliso, i-voltage eyongezelelweyo ye-motor kufuneka ifane nombane wokuhambisa amandla womzi-mveliso.Ukukhethwa kombane wemoto yomzi-mveliso omtsha kufuneka kuqwalaselwe kunye nokukhetha umbane kunye nokuhanjiswa kwamandla ombane kumzi-mveliso, ngokwamanqanaba ombane ahlukeneyo.Emva kokuthelekiswa kobugcisa kunye noqoqosho, isigqibo esona silungileyo siya kwenziwa.

Umgangatho wombane ophantsi ochazwe eTshayina ngu220/380V, kwaye uninzi lwamandla ombane aphezulu10KV.Ngokubanzi, uninzi lweenjini ezincinci kunye neziphakathi zinevoltage ephezulu, kwaye amandla azo ombane angaphezulu220/380V(D/Yuxhumano) kunye380/660V (D/Yuqhagamshelwano).Xa umthamo wemoto udlula malunga200KW, kucetyiswa ukuba umsebenzisi akhetheinjini yombane ophezulu we3KV,6KVokanye10KV .

2. Ukukhethwa kwesantya (esongezelelweyo) semoto kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo ngokweemfuno zomatshini wokuvelisa kunye nomlinganiselo wendibano yokuhanjiswa.Inani le revolutions ngomzuzu ngamnye motor ngokuqhelekileyo3000,1500,1000,750kwaye600.Isantya esongezelelweyo se-asynchronous motor siqhelekile2% ukuyaI-5% ephantsi kunesantya esingentla ngenxa yesantya sokutyibilika.Ngokombono wemveliso yemoto, ukuba isantya esongezelelweyo semoto yamandla afanayo siphezulu, imilo kunye nobukhulu betorque ye-electromagnetic iya kuba ncinci, iindleko ziya kuba sezantsi kwaye ubunzima buya kuba lula, kwaye amandla kunye ukusebenza kakuhle kweenjini ezinesantya esiphezulu ziphezulu kunezo zeenjini ezinesantya esiphantsi.Ukuba unokukhetha i-motor enesantya esiphezulu, uqoqosho luya kuba ngcono, kodwa ukuba umehluko wesantya phakathi kwemoto kunye nomatshini oza kuqhutywa mkhulu kakhulu, kufuneka kufakwe izigaba zokuhambisa ukukhawulezisa isixhobo. iya kwandisa iindleko zesixhobo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamandla othutho.Cacisa uthelekiso kunye nokukhetha.Uninzi lweenjini esihlala sizisebenzisa zi4-ipali1500r/minIinjini, kuba olu hlobo lwemoto enesantya esongezelelweyo lunoluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo, kwaye amandla ayo kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kuphezulu.


Ixesha lokuposa: Jun-11-2022