Imbali yeenjini zombane iqala ngo-1820, xa uHans Christian Oster wafumanisa impembelelo yemagnethi yombane wangoku, kwaye emva konyaka uMichael Faraday wafumanisa ukujikeleza kombane kwaye wakha imoto yokuqala yakudala yeDC.UFaraday wafumanisa ukufakwa kwe-electromagnetic induction ngo-1831, kodwa akuzange kube ngowe-1883 apho uTesla wayila induction (asynchronous) motor.Namhlanje, iintlobo eziphambili zoomatshini bombane zihlala zifana, i-DC, i-induction (i-asynchronous) kunye ne-synchronous, zonke zisekelwe kwiithiyori eziphuhliswe kwaye zafunyanwa ngu-Alstead, uFaraday noTesla kwiminyaka eyikhulu eyadlulayo.
Ukusukela ekuvelisweni kwemoto yokungeniswa, iye yaba yeyona moto isetyenziswa kakhulu namhlanje ngenxa yezibonelelo zemotor induction ngaphezulu kwezinye iimoto.Inzuzo ephambili kukuba i-motor induction ayifuni uxhulumaniso lombane phakathi kweendawo ezimileyo kunye nezijikelezayo zemoto, ngoko ke, ayifuni nayiphi na i-commutators yomatshini (iibrashi) kwaye ziyi-motor zamahhala zokugcinwa.Iinjini zokungeniswa zikwanazo iimpawu zobunzima bokukhanya, inertia ephantsi, ukusebenza kakuhle okuphezulu, kunye nomthamo owomeleleyo wokugcwala.Ngenxa yoko, zinexabiso eliphantsi, zomelele, kwaye azisileli kwisantya esiphezulu.Ukongeza, i-motor inokusebenza kwindawo eqhumayo ngaphandle kokudubula.
Ukuthathela ingqalelo zonke ezi zibonelelo zingasentla, ii-motor induction zijongwa ngokugqibeleleyo ngabaguquli bamandla e-electromechanical, nangona kunjalo, amandla oomatshini ahlala efuneka kwizantya eziguquguqukayo, apho iinkqubo zokulawula isantya zingeyonto encinci.Ekuphela kwendlela esebenzayo yokuvelisa utshintsho lwesantya esingenanyathelo kukubonelela ngezigaba ezintathu zombane ngamaza aguqukayo kunye ne-amplitude ye-asynchronous motor.Isantya se-rotor sixhomekeke kwisantya sentsimi yamagnetic ejikelezayo enikezelwa yi-stator, ngoko ke kufuneka ukuguqulwa kwamaza.I-voltage eguquguqukayo iyafuneka, i-impedance ye-motor iyancitshiswa kwi-frequencies ephantsi, kwaye okwangoku kufuneka kuthintelwe ngokunciphisa umbane wokubonelela.
Ngaphambi kokufika kombane wombane, ukulawulwa kwesantya sokunciphisa isantya seemotor induction kwaphunyezwa ngokutshintsha i-stator windings ezintathu ukusuka kwidelta ukuya kuqhagamshelo lwenkwenkwezi, nto leyo eyanciphisa i-voltage kwi-motor windings.Iimotor zokungeniswa zikwanazo ngaphezulu kwe-stator windings ezingaphezulu kwesithathu ukuvumela ukwahluka kwenani leeperi zepali.Nangona kunjalo, i-motor enama-windings amaninzi ibiza kakhulu kuba i-motor ifuna ngaphezu kwamazibuko amathathu oqhagamshelwano kwaye kuphela izantya ezicacileyo ezifumanekayo.Enye indlela engenye yokulawula isantya inokufezekiswa nge-rotor induction motor, apho iziphelo ezijikelezayo ze-rotor ziziswa kwi-slip rings.Nangona kunjalo, le ndlela ibonakala isusa uninzi lweenzuzo zeenjini zokungenisa, ngelixa izisa ilahleko eyongezelelweyo, enokuthi ibangele ukusebenza kakubi ngokubeka izichasi okanye ukusabela kuthotho kwi-stator windings ye-motor induction.
Ngelo xesha, ezi ndlela zingasentla yayikuphela kwento ekhoyo yokulawula isantya seenjini zokungeniswa, kwaye iinjini zeDC sele zikhona ezinesantya esingenasiphelo esingenasiphelo esingavumeli ukusebenza kuphela kwiiquadrants ezine, kodwa zikwagubungele uluhlu olubanzi lwamandla.Zisebenza kakuhle kwaye zinolawulo olufanelekileyo kunye nempendulo eguquguqukayo elungileyo, nangona kunjalo, ukungonakali kwayo okuphambili kuyimfuno enyanzelekileyo yeebrashi.
ukuququmbela
Kwiminyaka engama-20 edlulileyo, itekhnoloji ye-semiconductor yenze inkqubela phambili enkulu, ibonelela ngeemeko eziyimfuneko kuphuhliso lweenkqubo ezifanelekileyo zokuqhuba iimoto.Ezi meko ziwela kwiindidi ezimbini eziphambili:
(1) Ukunciphisa iindleko kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kwezixhobo zokutshintsha amandla ombane.
(2) Ukukwazi ukuphumeza i-algorithms enzima kwii-microprocessors ezintsha.
Nangona kunjalo, imfuneko kufuneka yenziwe ukuphuhlisa iindlela ezifanelekileyo zokulawula isantya seemotor induction ezintsonkothileyo, ngokuchaseneyo nokulula kwazo ngoomatshini, kubaluleke kakhulu ngokubhekiselele kubume bemathematika (multivariate and nonlinear).
Ixesha lokuposa: Aug-05-2022