Ngeuphuhliso oluqhubekayo lwezithuthi zamandla amatsha, ingqwalasela engakumbi ihlawulwe kwiibhetri zamandla.Ibhetri, i-motor kunye ne-electronic control system zizinto ezintathu eziphambili zezithuthi zamandla amatsha, apho ibhetri yamandla iyona nto ibaluleke kakhulu, enokuthiwa "yintliziyo" yeenqwelo zamandla amatsha, ngoko ke yintoni ibhetri yamandla entsha. izithuthi zamandla?Kuthekani ngeendidi eziphambili?
1. Ibhetri ye-lead-asidi
Ibhetri ye-lead-acid (VRLA) ibhetri ene-electrodes eyenziwa ngokuyinhloko ngelothe kunye ne-oxides yayo, kwaye i-electrolyte iyisisombululo se-sulfuric acid.Kwimeko ehlawuliswayo yebhetri ye-lead-acid, inxalenye ephambili ye-electrode efanelekileyo i-lead dioxide, kwaye inxalenye ephambili ye-electrode engafanelekanga ikhokela;kwimeko ekhutshiweyo, inxalenye ephambili ye-electrodes efanelekileyo kunye ne-negative i-lead sulfate.I-voltage ebizwa ngokuba yi-single-cell lead-acid ibhetri yi-2.0V, enokukhutshelwa kwi-1.5V kwaye ihlawuliswe.ukuya kwi-2.4V;kwizicelo, iibhetri ezi-6 ze-single-lead-acid zivame ukudibaniswa kwi-series ukwenza i-nominal 12V ibhetri ye-lead-acid , kunye ne-24V, 36V, 48V, njl.
Njengobuchwephesha obuvuthiweyo, iibhetri ze-lead-asidi zisekuphela kwebhetri yezithuthi zombane ezinokuveliswa ngobuninzi ngenxa yeendleko zabo eziphantsi kunye nekhono eliphezulu lokukhupha.Nangona kunjalo, amandla athile, amandla athile kunye nokuxinana kwamandla eebhetri ze-lead-acid ziphantsi kakhulu, kwaye izithuthi zombane ezisebenzisa oku njengomthombo wamandla azikwazi ukuba nesantya esihle kunye nokuhamba ngenqanawa.uluhlu .
2. Iibhetri ze-nickel-cadmium kunye neebhetri ze-nickel-metal hydride
Ibhetri ye-nickel-cadmium (ibhetri ye-Nickel-cadmium, edla ngokubizwa ngokuba yi-NiCd, ebizwa ngokuba yi-“nye-cad”) yibhetri edumileyo.Le bhetri isebenzisa i-nickel hydroxide (NiOH) kunye ne-cadmium yensimbi (Cd) njengemichiza yokuvelisa umbane.Nangona ukusebenza kwayo kubhetele kuneebhetri ze-lead-acid, iqulethe isinyithi esinzima, esiya kungcolisa imo engqongileyo emva kokusetyenziswa kunye nokulahlwa.
Ibhetri ye-nickel-cadmium inokuhlawuliswa kwaye ikhutshwe ngaphezu kwamaxesha angama-500, okongayo kunye nokuqina.Ukuchasana kwayo kwangaphakathi kuncinci, ukuchasana kwangaphakathi kuncinci, kunokuhlawuliswa ngokukhawuleza, kwaye kunokubonelela ngokukhoyo okukhulu kumthwalo, kwaye utshintsho lwe-voltage luncinci ngexesha lokukhutshwa, eyona nto ifanelekileyo kakhulu ibhetri yombane we-DC.Xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iintlobo zeebhetri, iibhetri ze-nickel-cadmium zinokumelana ne-overcharge okanye i-overdischarge.
Ibhetri ye-Ni-MH yenziwe nge-ion ye-hydrogen kunye ne-nickel yensimbi, kwaye ukugcinwa kwayo kwamandla yi-30% ngaphezu kwebhetri ye-Ni-Cd..
3. Ibhetri yeLithium
Ibhetri ye-lithium luhlobo lwebhetri esebenzisa isinyithi se-lithium okanye i-lithium alloy njengento engafanelekanga ye-electrode kwaye isebenzisa isisombululo se-electrolyte esingenamanzi.Iibhetri zeLithium zinokwahlulwa ngokweendidi ezimbini: iibhetri zesinyithi ze-lithium kunye neebhetri ze-lithium ion..Ibhetri ye-lithium-ion ayinayo i-lithium kwimeko yesinyithi kwaye iyatshajwa kwakhona.
Iibhetri zesinyithi ze-lithium ngokubanzi zisebenzisa i-manganese diokside njengezinto eziphathekayo ze-electrode, i-lithium yesinyithi okanye isinyithi sayo njenge-electrode engalunganga, kwaye isebenzise isisombululo se-electrolyte esingenamanzi.Izinto zebhetri zeLithium ziqulunqwe ikakhulu: izinto ze-electrode ezilungileyo, izinto ezingalunganga ze-electrode, isahluli, i-electrolyte.
Phakathi kwezixhobo ze-cathode, izinto ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo ziyi-lithium cobalt oxide, i-lithium manganate, i-lithium iron phosphate kunye nezinto ze-ternary (iipolymers ze-nickel, i-cobalt kunye ne-manganese).Izinto ezintle ze-electrode zithatha umlinganiselo omkhulu (umlinganiselo wobunzima bezinto ezintle kunye nezingalunganga ze-electrode yi-3: 1 ~ 4: 1), kuba ukusebenza kwezinto ezilungileyo ze-electrode kuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukusebenza kwebhetri ye-lithium-ion, kunye neendleko zayo. ikwamisela ngokuthe ngqo ixabiso lebhetri.
Phakathi kwezixhobo ze-anode, izinto zangoku ze-anode ziyi-graphite yendalo kunye ne-graphite yokwenziwa.Izinto ze-anode eziphononongwayo ziquka i-nitrides, i-PAS, i-tin-based oxides, i-tin alloys, imathiriyeli ye-nano anode, kunye nezinye iikhompawundi ze-intermetallic.Njengenye yezinto ezine eziphambili zebhetri ye-lithium, i-electrode engafanelekanga idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuphuculeni umthamo kunye nokusebenza komjikelo webhetri, kwaye iyona khonkco ingundoqo kumbindi woshishino lwebhetri ye-lithium.
I-fuel cell sisixhobo sokuguqula amandla e-electrochemical engatshiyo.Amandla ekhemikhali yehydrogen (kunye namanye amafutha) kunye neoksijini isoloko iguqulwa ibe ngamandla ombane.Umgaqo wayo wokusebenza kukuba i-H2 i-oxidized ibe yi-H + kwaye i-e-phantsi kwesenzo se-anode catalyst, i-H + ifikelela kwi-electrode efanelekileyo nge-membrane yokutshintshiselana kweproton, isabela nge-O2 kwi-cathode ukuvelisa amanzi, kwaye i-e-ifikelela kwi-cathode ngokusebenzisa isekethe yangaphandle, kunye nempendulo eqhubekayo ivelisa langoku.Nangona i-fuel cell inegama elithi "ibhetri", ayiyondawo yokugcina amandlaisixhobo ngokwengqiqo yemveli, kodwa isixhobo sokuvelisa amandla.Lo ngowona mahluko mkhulu phakathi kwe-fuel cell kunye nebhetri yesiqhelo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jun-05-2022