Emva kokuqhawula unikezelo lombane, injini isafuna ukujikeleza kangangexesha elithile ngaphambi kokuba ime ngenxa ye-inertia yayo.Kwiimeko zokwenyani zokusebenza, eminye imithwalo ifuna ukuba injini ime ngokukhawuleza, nto leyo efuna ulawulo lokuqhobosha lwemoto.Into ebizwa ngokuba yi-braking kukunika i-motor torque echasene nolwalathiso lokujikeleza ukuze imise ngokukhawuleza.Zimbini ngokubanzi iindidi zeendlela zokuqhobosha: ukuqhobosha ngoomatshini kunye nokunyathela ngombane.
I-Mechanical braking isebenzisa isakhiwo soomatshini ukugqiba ukuqhobosha.Uninzi lwazo zisebenzisa iziqhoboshi ze-electromagnetic brakes, ezisebenzisa uxinzelelo oluveliswa zisprings ukucinezela iibrake pads (izihlangu zeziqhoboshi) ukwenza i-braking friction ngamavili ebrekeki.I-Mechanical braking inokuthembeka okuphezulu, kodwa iya kuvelisa i-vibration xa i-braking, kwaye i-torque ye-braking incinci.Ngokuqhelekileyo isetyenziswe kwiimeko ezine-inertia encinci kunye ne-torque.
Ukuqhawuka kombane kuvelisa itorque ye-electromagnetic echasene nesitayile ngexesha lenkqubo yokumisa imoto, esebenza njengamandla okuqhobosha ukumisa imotor.Iindlela zokuqhobosha zombane ziquka ukunyathela umva, ukunyanyiswa okuguquguqukayo, kunye nokunyanzeliswa kokuvuselela.Phakathi kwazo, ukuqhawuka koqhagamshelo olubuyela umva ngokuqhelekileyo kusetyenziselwa ukunyanyiswa okungxamisekileyo kwe-voltage ephantsi kunye neenjini zamandla amancinci;ukunyathela ngokutsha kuneemfuno ezikhethekileyo zoguqulo lwamaza.Ngokubanzi, iimotor ezincinci kunye neziphakathi zisetyenziselwa ukunyathela ngokukhawuleza.Ukusebenza kwe-braking kulungile, kodwa ixabiso liphezulu kakhulu, kwaye igridi yamandla kufuneka ikwazi ukuyamkela.Ingxelo yamandla yenza ukuba kungenzeki ukuqhawuka iinjini ezinamandla amakhulu.
Ngokwendawo yesixhasi sokunyathela isiqhoboshi, ukunyanzeliswa kwe-eneji kunokohlulwa ibe yi-DC edla amandla e-braking kunye ne-AC edla amandla ebhuleki.I-DC-consuming braking resistor kufuneka idityaniswe kwicala le-DC ye-inverter kwaye iyasebenza kuphela kwii-inverters kunye nebhasi ye-DC eqhelekileyo.Kule meko, i-AC-consuming braking resistor idibaniswe ngokuthe ngqo kwi-motor kwicala le-AC, elinoluhlu olubanzi lwesicelo.
Isichasi sokunyathela siqwalaselwe kwicala lemoto ukuze kusetyenziswe amandla emoto ukufezekisa ukuma ngokukhawuleza kwemoto.I-high-voltage vacuum breaker circuit breaker iqwalaselwe phakathi kwe-resistor ye-braking kunye ne-motor.Kwiimeko eziqhelekileyo, i-vacuum circuit breaker ikwimeko evulekileyo kwaye i-motor iyinto eqhelekileyo.Ukulawulwa kwesantya okanye ukusebenza kwesantya sombane, kwimeko kaxakeka, i-vacuum yesekethe i-vacuum breaker phakathi kwemoto kunye ne-frequency converter okanye igridi yamandla iyavulwa, kwaye i-vacuum circuit breaker phakathi kwemoto kunye ne-braking resistor ivaliwe, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamandla. ukuqhawuka kwemoto kuthathwa ngesixhathisi sokuqhawuka., ngaloo ndlela ukuphumeza umphumo wokupaka ngokukhawuleza.Umzobo wenkqubo yomgca omnye umi ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
Emergency Brake One Line Diagram
Kwimo yonxunguphalo olungxamisekileyo, kwaye ngokweemfuno zexesha lokuthomalalisa, i-excitation current ihlengahlengiswa ukuze ilungelelanise i-stator yangoku kunye ne-braking torque ye-motor synchronous, ngaloo ndlela ifezekiseke ngokukhawuleza kunye nokulawulwa kokunciphisa i-motor.
Kwiprojekthi yebhedi yovavanyo, ekubeni igridi yombane wefektri ayivumeli impendulo yamandla, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba inkqubo yamandla inokumisa ngokukhuselekileyo ngexesha elithile (ngaphantsi kwemizuzwana engama-300) kwimeko kaxakeka, inkqubo yokumisa kaxakeka esekelwe kwi-resistor energy. ukunyanzeliswa kwebraking kwamiselwa.
Inkqubo yokuqhuba umbane ibandakanya i-inverter ephezulu, i-high-power double-winding high-voltage motor, i-excitation device, iiseti ezi-2 ze-braking resistors, kunye ne-4 high-voltage circuit breaker cabinets.I-inverter ephezulu ye-voltage isetyenziselwa ukuqaphela ukuqala okuguquguqukayo kunye nokulawulwa kwesantya se-motor-voltage ephezulu.Izixhobo zokulawula kunye ne-excitation zisetyenziselwa ukubonelela ngoku i-excitation yangoku kwi-motor, kwaye iikhabhinethi ezine ze-high-voltage breaker circuit zisetyenziselwa ukuqonda ukutshintshwa kwesantya sokuguqulwa kwesantya kunye nokuqhawulwa kwemoto.
Ngethuba lokunyathela ngokukhawuleza, iikhabhinethi eziphezulu ze-voltage AH15 kunye ne-AH25 zivuliwe, iikhabhinethi eziphezulu ze-AH13 kunye ne-AH23 zivaliwe, kwaye i-resistor braking iqala ukusebenza.Umzobo wenkqubo yokuqhobosha imi ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
Inkqubo yebraking idayagram yeskimu
Iiparamitha zobugcisa zokumelana nesigaba ngasinye (R1A, R1B, R1C, R2A, R2B, R2C,) zimi ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
- Amandla eBraking (ubuninzi): 25MJ;
- Ukumelana nokubanda: 290Ω ± 5%;
- Umbane olinganisiweyo: 6.374kV;
- Amandla alinganisiweyo: 140kW;
- Ukugqithiswa kwamandla: 150%, 60S;
- Ubuninzi bombane: 8kV;
- Indlela yokupholisa: ukupholisa kwendalo;
- Ixesha lokusebenza: 300S.
Le teknoloji isebenzisa i-braking yombane ukuqaphela ukunyanzeliswa kweenjini ezinamandla amakhulu.Isebenzisa ukusabela kwezixhobo ze-synchronous motors kunye nomgaqo wokusetyenziswa kwamandla e-braking ukuqhekeza iimotor.
Ngethuba lenkqubo yonke ye-braking, i-torque ye-braking inokulawulwa ngokulawula i-excitation current.Isiqhoboshi sombane sinezi mpawu zilandelayo:
- Inokubonelela nge-torque enkulu ye-braking efunekayo ukunyanzeliswa ngokukhawuleza kweyunithi kunye nokufezekisa umphumo wokusebenza okuphezulu;
- Ixesha lokuphumla lifutshane kwaye i-braking inokwenziwa kuyo yonke inkqubo;
- Ngethuba lenkqubo yokuqhawula, akukho zixhobo ezifana ne-brake brakes kunye nezangqa ze-brake ezenza ukuba inkqubo yokugaya i-mechanical braking igudle enye kwenye, ibangele ukuthembeka okuphezulu;
- Inkqubo ye-braking engxamisekileyo inokusebenza yodwa njengenkqubo ezimeleyo, okanye inokudibaniswa kwezinye iinkqubo zokulawula njenge-subsystem, kunye nokuhlanganiswa kwenkqubo eguquguqukayo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Mar-14-2024