Ebudeni beminyaka eyi-140 yophuhliso lweshishini leemoto, amandla amadala kunye namatsha aye ehla kwaye ahamba, kwaye isiphithiphithi sokufa kunye nokuzalwa kwakhona asizange siyeke.
Ukuvalwa, ukubhanga okanye ukuhlengahlengiswa kweenkampani kwimarike yehlabathi kuhlala kuzisa ukungaqiniseki okuninzi okungenakucingelwa kwintengiso yabathengi beemoto ngexesha ngalinye.
Ngoku, kwinqanaba elitsha lokuguqulwa kwamandla kunye nokuguqulwa kwemizi-mveliso, xa ookumkani bexesha elidala bekhupha izithsaba zabo emva komnye, ukuhlengahlengiswa kunye nokunciphisa iinkampani zeemoto ezisahlumayo nazo ziyenzeka enye emva kwenye.Mhlawumbi “ukhetho lwendalo, ukusinda kwezona zinto zinamandla” “Umthetho wendalo yenye indlela yokuwuphinda kwimarike yeemoto.
Kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo, inkqubo yokufakelwa kombane esekwe e-China iye yagunyazisa iinkampani ezininzi zeemoto ezincinci zemveli kwaye yaphelisa uninzi lwabaqikeleli.Kodwa ngokucacileyo, njengoko ishishini elitsha lamandla lingena kwinqanaba elimhlophe-elishushu, izifundo zembali zisasixelela ukuba abantu abanakuze bafunde kumava embali!
Emva kwamagama kaBojun, Sailin, Byton, Ranger, Green Packet, njl., oko kubonakaliswa sisiqhamo esikrakra sokuguqulwa kweshishini leemoto laseChina.
Ngelishwa, njengokuzikhukhumalisa emva kwentlungu, ukusweleka kwezi nkampani zemoto zaseTshayina akuphumelelanga nje ukuzisa uqwalaselo oluncinci kulo lonke ishishini, kodwa endaweni yoko kubonelele ngethempleyithi yabaninzi nangakumbi abadlali baphesheya ukuba balandele.
Ukungena kwi-2022, abavelisi beemoto ze-PPT kunye nokunye okunjalo baye bafa e-China, kwaye i-second-tier imikhosi emitsha efana ne-Weimar kunye ne-Tianji eyasinda ngaphambili iya isanda engxakini.
Kwelinye icala, intengiso yehlabathi ifuna ukodlula i-Tesla's Lucid kunye neRivian, FF kunye noNikola, abaziwa njengamaxoki, kunye neenkampani zeemoto ezivela kwihlabathi liphela.Xa kuthelekiswa "nokuthengisa iimoto", basakhathalele indawo yeCarnival malunga nenkunzi.
Kanye njengemarike yemoto yaseTshayina kwiminyaka emihlanu eyadlulayo, irhangqa imali, ivale umhlaba, kwaye izama zonke iindlela “zokupeyinta ipayi enkulu”, ezo ndlela zokuziphatha ezijongelwa phantsi ngumntu wonke kodwa ezihlala zitsala umdla wobungxowankulu, zifukamisa izigcawu ze-farce kwindawo. kwimarike yehlabathi, okanye Yiphazili yokwenza imoto enethemba elincinci.
Yonke into ihambelana "nemali"
Emva kweminyaka yovavanyo lweemarike kunye nokhuphiswano kunye nenkunzi, kunengqiqo ukutsho ukuba i-China igqibile ukuhlolwa kokufika kweenkampani ezintsha zamandla.
Okokuqala, isiseko sobunzima esifunekayo kwimakethi ye-auto ukuze igqibezele inguqu yayo kwisantya esiphezulu senguquko isekiwe.Iimfuno ezikhulayo zabathengi kudala zenza ukuba kungenzeki ukuba nayiphi na inkampani yemoto esahlumayo ikhombe iminwe kwimarike ngoqhelaniso lwemali kuphela.Ubudlelwane obusondeleyo obunengqiqo kufuneka bumiselwe phakathi "kokwakha imoto" kunye "nokuthengisa imoto".Ukuba inkxaso yemarike ilahlekile, iziphumo ezibuhlungu ziyabonakala.
Okwesibini, emva kokuba izabelo zomgaqo-nkqubo weenkampani zemoto zaseTshayina ziye zanyamalala ngokuthe ngcembe, umothuko obangelwe lugonyamelo olwaneleyo kushishino lwamandla amatsha ngokwenene aluzange lubekho ngaphambili.
Kwiinkampani zemoto ezivelayo ngaphandle kwemvelaphi ethile kunye nokugcinwa kwezobugcisa, ngeli nqanaba, akukho thuba lokuqhawula kunye nentando eseleyo.I-Evergrande Automobile, eye yantlitheka, ngumzekelo omhle.
Kwaye ezi zingahlala zibonisa ukuba ngokwembono yemarike yemoto yaseTshayina, ukujonga amandla amatsha asavela kwimarike yehlabathi, ukungxama kunye nokungabi nathemba akuyomvelaphi yezi nkampani.
ENyakatho Melika, uLucid Motors, oye wasebenza phambi komntu wonke, unenkxaso yeSaudi Arabian Investment Fund (PIF).I-Rivian, eyake yaqhuba enye yee-IPO ezinkulu kwimbali yase-United States, iphumelele iziphumo ezithile ekuhanjisweni kwemveliso eninzi, kodwa imeko yokwenyani Nangona kunjalo, ukubandakanywa kwayo yonke imarike yemoto ekhulileyo ingaphantsi komda kunokuba bekucingelwa.
ILucid, exhaswa zitycoon zalapha kuMbindi Mpuma, ayinakutshintsha iindleko zayo ziphezulu kakhulu kunengeniso yayo.I-Rivian ibanjwe kukuphazamiseka kwekhonkco lokubonelela.Intsebenziswano yangaphandle efana nokwenziwa ngokubambisana kweeveni zombane...
Ngokumalunga nemikhosi emitsha yaphesheya efana neCanoo kunye neFisker esikhe sayikhankanya, ukongeza ekusebenziseni iimodeli ezintsha ukwanelisa umdla wababukeli, nokuba kulungile ukufumana i-OEM okanye ukwakha umzi-mveliso wokuvelisa ngobuninzi, ayizange yenziwe. kude kube ngoku.Kukho indawana yeendaba ezilungileyo ezahluke ngokupheleleyo kwezo zangaphambili.
Kubonakala kungenangqondo ukuchaza imeko yabo yangoku kunye "neentsiba zenkukhu kuyo yonke indawo".Kodwa xa uthelekisa ne “Wei Xiaoli” yaseTshayina, kunzima ngenene ukucinga igama elingcono lokuyichaza.
Ukongeza, u-Elon Musk uye waphosa iimbono zakhe esidlangalaleni ngaphezu kweyodwa: Bobabini uLucid kunye noRivian banomdla wokubhanga.Ngaphandle kokuba benze utshintsho olukhulu, bonke baya kubhanga.Makhe ndibuze, ngaba ngokwenene ezi nkampani zinalo ithuba lokujika?
Impendulo isenokwahluka kwinto yokwenene.Asinakusebenzisa isantya sokutshintsha kweenkampani zeemoto zaseTshayina ukuvavanya isantya sotshintsho kushishino lweemoto zehlabathi.Le mikhosi mitsha yaseMelika ilinde ithuba lokungena kwimarike yonke ifihla ezabo iitshiphusi zentengiso ngokuchasene nemarike.
Kodwa ndikhetha ukukholelwa ukuba inkohliso eyenziwe lishishini elitsha lamandla linomtsalane kakhulu.Kanye njengemakethi ye-auto yaseTshayina ngelo xesha, ukuze kunyuswe inkunzi, bangathini abaninzi abaqikeleli abanomdla wokuzama ukoyika imakethi.
Njengangaphambili nasemva kweLos Angeles Auto Show ngoNovemba, uFisker, owayengenandaba ixesha elide, wabhengeza ngokusemthethweni ukuba imodeli yakhe yokuqala yombane yeSUV, uLwandle, yafakwa kwimveliso njengoko bekucwangcisiwe kwiplanti yaseMagna yeCarbon-neutral. eGraz, eOstriya.
Ukusuka eUnited States ukuya kwihlabathi, sinokubona ukuba amandla amatsha okwenza iimoto aye akhula njengamakhowa emva kwemvula.
Imodeli entsha yenkampani yokuqala yaseMelika iDrako Motors-Dragon yakhululwa ngokusemthethweni;emva ACE kunye Jax, Alpha Motor Corporation wabhengeza imveliso yombane entsha Montage;Iqaliswe kwindawo yokwenyani yemoto okokuqala…
EYurophu, umenzi wemoto waseScotland uMunro ukhulule ngokusesikweni iMunro Mark 1 kwaye wayimisa njengesithuthi esisulungekileyo sombane esingekho endleleni.Amawaka alishumi.
UMunro uMarko 1
Ngale meko, kungakhathaliseki ukuba ihlabathi langaphandle licinga ntoni ngayo, ndinemvakalelo enye kuphela yokuba lo mzuzu ufana naloo mzuzu, kwaye isiphithiphithi saseTshayina kwiminyaka emininzi edlulileyo sikhunjulwe ngokucacileyo.
Ukuba la mandla amatsha kulo lonke ihlabathi ayasilela ukuguqula amaxabiso, ngoko "ukufa kukuphindukuzalwa" kuya kuqhubeka nokungcwaba i-spark of deflagration kule mboniso-njengemoto entsha.
Ungcakazo ngokuchasene nenkunzi, siphi isiphelo?
Kulungile, u-2022 ngunyaka wokuqala wokuba imakethi entsha yemoto yaseTshayina ingene kuphuhliso olusempilweni nolucwangcisiweyo.Emva kokujonga phambili ekugqithiseni iigophe iminyaka emininzi, ishishini le-auto laseTshayina lugqibe ngempumelelo ulawulo kunye nesikhokelo sendlela eqhelekileyo yolu shishino.
Ukufakelwa kombane okukhokelwa yimikhosi emitsha kutshabalalise kwaye kwakha kwakhona imithetho yendalo yalo lonke ishishini.Ngelixa imarike yasentshona isalwa nobuhlanya bukaTesla, iinkampani ezisakhulayo ezikhokelwa ngu “Wei Xiaoli” ziye zangena eYurophu nakwezinye iindawo emva komnye.
Xa bebona ukunyuka kwamandla eTshayina, abantu basemzini abanemvakalelo yokuvumba banyanzelekile ukuba balandele ngasemva.Yaye oku kwakhokelela kwisiganeko esizukileyo sokuvela kwamagunya amatsha ehlabathi njengoko kuchaziwe ngaphambili.
Ukusuka eMelika ukuya eYurophu, kunye nezinye iimarike zemoto, zithatha ithuba lezithuba apho iinkampani zemoto zemveli ziye zasilela ukujika ngexesha elifanelekileyo, iinkampani zemoto ezisahlumayo zivela ngendlela engapheliyo ukuze zibambe amathuba entengiso.
Kodwa isesisivakalisi esifanayo, zonke izicwangciso ezineenjongo ezingacocekanga ziya kuthi ekugqibeleni zigxothwe yimarike.Ke ngoko, ukugweba kunye nokuqikelela uphuhliso lwexesha elizayo lwemikhosi emitsha yaphesheya esekelwe kwimeko yabo yangoku ayisosihloko esinempendulo ecacileyo.
Asiyiphikisi into yokuba xa sijongana neendlela eziphambili zeshishini, kusoloko kukho abafikayo abanethamsanqa lokuthandwa yimalike yenkunzi.I-Lucid, i-Rivian kunye neminye imikhosi emitsha ehlala ibonakaliswe phantsi kwe-spotlight iphumelele ukuthandwa kwamanye ama-bigwigs, olona khathalelo lokuqala olunikezwa yile marike.
Ukujonga phesheya kolwandle, umkhosi omtsha owathi wasasazwa esidlangalaleni eUnited States wazalwa kuMzantsi-mpuma weAsia.
"Vietnam Evergrande" ligama lenkampani yemoto ebizwa ngokuba yiVinfast.Kuqheleke kangakanani ukuqala i-real estate kwaye uthembele kwisitayela esibi "ukuthenga, ukuthenga, ukuthenga".
Nangona kunjalo, xa i-VinFast ibhengeze ngoDisemba 7 ukuba ingenise amaxwebhu okubhaliswa kwe-IPO kwi-US Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), kwaye icwangcise ukuluhlu kwi-Nasdaq, kwaye ikhowudi yesitokhwe "VFS" yenziwe, ngubani onokuthi abo banomdla. kwimpumelelo ekhawulezileyo Amandla amatsha angafumana ikamva elililo.
Ukusukela ngo-2022, indlela elumke ngayo i-capital kwishishini elitsha lamandla sele ibonwe ukusuka kwixabiso lemarike elicuthayo le "Wei Xiaoli".
Ngomzuzu omnyama ukusuka kwi-23 kaJulayi ukuya kwi-27 kaJulayi embindini walo nyaka kuphela, ixabiso lemarike ye-Weilai liye lanyuka nge-6.736 yeebhiliyoni zeedola zase-US, ixabiso lemarike lika-Xiaopeng liye lanyuka nge-6.117 yeebhiliyoni zeedola zase-US, kwaye ixabiso lemarike elifanelekileyo liye lanyuka nge-4.479 yezigidigidi zeedola zaseMelika.
Ukusukela ngoko, ileyibhile yesazisi esele inesakhono esipheleleyo yenze ukuba kube nzima kwezo nkampani zeemoto ezithembele kakhulu kwiimali ukuze ziphile.
Ngamanye amazwi, ukususela ekudwelisweni kwayo, into ebizwa ngokuba yi-10 yebhiliyoni yokulinganisa iya kuba yi-flash kwi-pan.Ngaphandle kokusebenza okunamandla kobugcisa kunye ne-bullish superposition yokuthengisa, ingakanani imali enokuthi ibe nomonde ongaka.Ngethuba elithile, kwinkqubo yophuhliso ehamba ngokuthe ngcembe ibanda, ngaphezu kokutshatyalaliswa yinyani, akulula ukuyifumana ukufudumala kwakhona kwaye unike inkxaso.
Oku kuseyimeko ka "Wei Xiaoli", othe watyhutyha imigodi yemarike emininzi.Bafumana phi ukuzithemba kwabo abatsha abasazama ukuphanga imarike?
I-Vinfast yenye yezona zinto zibalaseleyo, kodwa nokuba izinikele ekuguquleni ishishini leemoto, okanye ifuna ukuthatha ithuba lobushushu bemarike yangoku ukwenza imali kwimarike yemalike, umntu oneliso lokuqonda angayibona njani.
Ngendlela efanayo, xa inkampani yemoto yaseTurkey i-TOGG izama ukudwelisa iJamani njengendawo yokuqala yokuya phesheya kolwandle, i-Lightyear, inkampani yokuqalisa imoto yombane evela eNetherlands, ngexhala yakhulula imoto yombane yelanga eveliswa ngobuninzi i-Lightyear 0, kunye neFrentshi entsha. uphawu lwemoto iHopium Isithuthi sokuqala se-hydrogen yeseli yamafutha eHopium Machina sakhululwa kwi-Paris Motor Show.Inkampani yemoto yombane yasePoland i-EMP yakhetha ukusebenzisana ne-Geely ukwakha imoto yombane ecocekileyo phantsi kwe-brand ye-IZERA isebenzisa isakhiwo esikhulu se-SEA.Ezinye izinto zihlala zibonakala ngokwazo.
Okwangoku, abantu abanomdla abanjengoLucid banobuganga bokungena eTshayina kwaye baqale ukugaya abasebenzi, okanye bacwangcise ukungena ngokusemthethweni eTshayina kwindawo ethile kwixesha elizayo.Kungakhathaliseki ukuba bajonge kangakanani phambili, abayi kutshintsha into yokuba i-China ayifuni iinkampani ezininzi zamandla amatsha, makungabikho mfuneko yamandla amatsha aphesheya kwezilwandle athatha uTesla njengomchasi kodwa akanalo ilebula yokukhuphisana.
Kwiminyaka emininzi eyadlulayo, imarike yemoto yaseTshayina yabulala iinkampani ezininzi ezifanayo, kwaye ikomkhulu kudala libona ubuso bokwenyani baba baqikeleli.
Namhlanje, kwiminyaka emininzi kamva, xa imikhosi emitsha yaphesheya kwezilwandle iqhubeka nokulandela le ngcamango yokusinda, ndikholelwa ngokuqinileyo ukuba "iqamza" liza kugqabhuka kungekudala.
Kungekudala, umntu odlala ngemali eyinkunzi uya kuthi ekugqibeleni abuyelwe yinkunzi.
Ixesha lokuposa: Dec-16-2022