1. Isekethe yolawulo lwezandla
Le yisekethe yolawulo yezandla esebenzisa iiswitshi zemela kunye neziqhekeza zesekethe ukulawula ukusebenza kwesigaba sesithathu se-asynchronous motorManual control circuit.
Isekethe inesakhiwo esilula kwaye ifanelekile kuphela kwiinjini ezinomthamo omncinci oqala ngokungaqhelekanga.I-motor ayikwazi ukulawulwa ngokuzenzekelayo, kwaye ayinakukhuselwa kwi-voltage engu-0 kunye nokulahlekelwa kwamandla ombane.Faka iseti ye-fuses ye-FU ukwenza i-motor ibe ne-overload kunye nokukhusela isiphaluka esifutshane.
2. I-jog control circuit
Ukuqala kunye nokuyeka i-motor kulawulwa ngokutshintsha iqhosha, kwaye i-contactor isetyenziselwa ukuqonda ukusebenza kwe-motor-off.
Isiphene: Ukuba i-motor kwi-jog control circuit kufuneka iqhube ngokuqhubekayo, iqhosha lokuqala elithi SB kufuneka lihlale libanjwe ngesandla.
3. Ulawulo oluqhubekayo lwesiphaluka (ulawulo olude lwentshukumo)
Ukuqala kunye nokuyeka i-motor kulawulwa ngokutshintsha iqhosha, kwaye i-contactor isetyenziselwa ukuqonda ukusebenza kwe-motor-off.
4. I-jog kunye ne-long-motion control circuit
Abanye oomatshini bokuvelisa bafuna injini ukuba ikwazi ukuhamba zombini i-jog kunye nexesha elide.Ngokomzekelo, xa isixhobo somatshini esiqhelekileyo sisebenza ngendlela eqhelekileyo, i-motor ijikeleza ngokuqhubekayo, oko kukuthi, ixesha elide, ngelixa kudla ngokuyimfuneko ukubaleka ngexesha lokugunyaziswa kunye nohlengahlengiso.
1. I-Jog kunye ne-long-motion control circuit circuit elawulwa yi-transfer switch
2. Iisekethe zokulawula i-Jog kunye nexesha elide elilawulwa ngamaqhosha adibeneyo
Ukushwankathela, isitshixo ekuqondeni ixesha elide kunye nokugijima kolawulo lomgca kukuba ingaba inokuqinisekisa ukuba isebe lokuzitshixa lixhunyiwe emva kokuba i-coil ye-KM inikwe amandla.Ukuba isebe lokuzitshixa linokudibaniswa, ukunyakaza okude kunokufezekiswa, ngaphandle koko kuphela ukunyakaza kwe-jog kunokufezekiswa.
5. Phambili kunye nokubuyisela umva isiphaluka solawulo
Ulawulo oluya phambili kunye nolubuyela umva lukwabizwa ngokuba lulawulo olubuyela umva, olunokuthi luqonde intshukumo yamalungu emveliso kuzo zombini iindlela ezilungileyo nezingalunganga ngexesha lemveliso.Kwinqanaba lesithathu le-asynchronous motor, ukuqonda ukulawulwa kwangaphambili kunye nokubuyisela umva, kufuneka kuphela ukuguqula ukulandelelana kwesigaba sonikezelo lwamandla ayo, oko kukuthi, ukulungelelanisa naziphi na izigaba ezibini zemigqaliselo yamandla ezigaba ezintathu kwisekethe enkulu.
Kukho iindlela ezimbini zokulawula ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo: enye kukusebenzisa ukudibanisa ukudibanisa ukutshintsha ukulandelelana kwesigaba, kwaye enye kukusebenzisa uqhagamshelwano oluphambili lwe-contactor ukutshintsha ukulandelelana kwesigaba.Eyangaphambili ilungele ubukhulu becala iinjini ezifuna ukujikeleza rhoqo nokubuyela umva, ngelixa eyokugqibela ifaneleka ikakhulu kwiimotor ezifuna ukujikeleza rhoqo nokubuyela umva.
1. Positive-stop-reverse control circuit
Ingxaki ephambili yombane odibeneyo ohamba phambili kunye neesekethe zokulawula umva kukuba xa utshintshela ukusuka kwelinye ukuya kwelinye, iqhosha lokumisa i-SB1 kufuneka licinezelwe kuqala, kwaye utshintsho alunakwenziwa ngokuthe ngqo, olucacileyo luphazamiseka kakhulu.
2. Phambili-reverse-stop control circuit
Esi sekethe sidibanisa iingenelo zokudibanisa umbane kunye nokudibanisa iqhosha, kwaye isiphaluka esipheleleyo esingenako ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zokuqalisa ngokuthe ngqo kokujikeleza kwangaphambili kunye nokubuyisela umva, kodwa unokhuseleko oluphezulu kunye nokuthembeka.
Ikhonkco lokukhusela umgca
(1) Ukukhuselwa kwexesha elifutshane Isiphaluka esiyintloko sinqunyulwa yi-melted ye-fuse xa kwenzeka i-short-circuit.
(2) Ukukhuselwa komthwalo ogqithisiweyo kufezekiswa nge-thermal relay.Ngenxa yokuba i-inertia ye-thermal ye-thermal relay inkulu kakhulu, nokuba i-current amaxesha amaninzi i-current rated current ihamba nge-thermal element, i-thermal relay ayiyi kusebenza ngokukhawuleza.Ngoko ke, xa ixesha lokuqala le-motor lingekude kakhulu, i-relay ye-thermal inokumelana nempembelelo yecala lokuqala le-motor kwaye ayiyi kusebenza.Kuphela xa i-motor igcwele ixesha elide, iya kwenza, ikhuphe isiphaluka solawulo, i-coil yoqhagamshelwano iya kuphelelwa amandla, inqumle isiphaluka esiphambili se-motor, kwaye iqonde ukukhuselwa komthwalo ogqithiseleyo.
(3) Ukungabikho kwamandla ombane kunye nokukhuselwa kwe-undervoltage Ukukhuselwa kwe-Undervoltage kunye ne-undervoltage ziyenzeka ngoqhagamshelwano lokuzivalela loqhagamshelwano lwe-KM.Kumsebenzi oqhelekileyo we-motor, i-voltage yegridi iyanyamalala okanye iyancipha ngenxa yesizathu esithile.Xa i-voltage iphantsi kwe-voltage yokukhululwa kwekhoyili ye-contactor, i-contactor ikhutshwe, i-self-locking contact inqanyuliwe, kwaye umnxibelelwano oyintloko unqanyuliwe, ukunqumla amandla ombane., imoto iyama.Ukuba i-voltage yonikezelo lwamandla ibuyela ngokuqhelekileyo, ngenxa yokukhululwa kwe-self-lock, i-motor ayiyi kuqala ngokwayo, iphephe iingozi.
• Ezi ndlela zokuqalisa isekethe zingentla kukuqalisa kombane ogcweleyo.
Xa umthamo we-transformer uvumela, i-squirrel-cage ye-asynchronous motor kufuneka iqaliswe ngokuthe ngqo kwi-voltage epheleleyo kangangoko kunokwenzeka, engakwazi ukuphucula ukuthembeka kwesiphaluka sokulawula, kodwa nokunciphisa umsebenzi wokugcinwa kwezixhobo zombane.
6. Inyathelo-phantsi lokuqala isekethe ye-asynchronous motor
• I-voltage egcweleyo yokuqala yangoku yemoto ye-asynchronous ingafikelela ngokubanzi ngamaxesha angama-4-7 angoku.Ukuqala ngokugqithisileyo ngoku kuya kunciphisa ubomi bemoto, kubangele ukuba i-voltage yesibini ye-transformer yehle kakhulu, inciphise i-torque yokuqala yemoto ngokwayo, kwaye yenza ukuba imoto ingakwazi ukuqala, kwaye ichaphazele nokusebenza okuqhelekileyo kwezinye. izixhobo kuthungelwano lonikezelo lwamandla afanayo.Indlela yokugweba ukuba i-motor ingaqala nge-voltage epheleleyo?
• Ngokubanzi, abo banamandla ombane angaphantsi kwe-10kW banokuqalwa ngokuthe ngqo.Ingaba i-asynchronous motor engaphezulu kwe-10kW ivumelekile ukuba iqalise ngokuthe ngqo kuxhomekeke kumlinganiselo womthamo wemoto kunye nomthamo wokuguqula amandla.
• Kwinjini yomthamo onikiweyo, gabalala sebenzisa le fomula yovavanyo ilandelayo ukuqikelela.
•Iq/Ie≤3/4+umthamo wesiguquli samandla (kVA)/[4×umthamo wemotor (kVA)]
• Kwifomula, i-Iq-motor full voltage starting current (A);Ie-motor rated current (A).
• Ukuba isiphumo sokubala siyanelisa le fomula yeempirical ingasentla, kuyenzeka ngokubanzi ukuba kuqalwe kuxinzelelo olupheleleyo, kungenjalo, akuvumelekanga ukuqalisa ngoxinzelelo olupheleleyo, kwaye kufuneka kuqwalaselwe ukuqala kombane ocuthiweyo.
• Ngamanye amaxesha, ukwenzela ukunciphisa kunye nokunciphisa impembelelo ye-torque yokuqala kwisixhobo somatshini, i-motor evumela ukuqala kwe-voltage epheleleyo iphinda ithathe indlela yokunciphisa i-voltage yokuqala.
• Kukho iindlela ezininzi zokuya ezantsi ukuqala kwe-squirrel-cage asynchronous motors: stator circuit series resistance (okanye ukusabela) inyathelo-down-down start, auto-transformer step-down start, Y-△ step-down start, △-△ step -ukuqala phantsi, njl njl. Ezi ndlela zisetyenziselwa ukunciphisa umda wokuqalisa (ngokubanzi, ukuqala ngoku emva kokunciphisa i-voltage ngamaxesha angama-2-3 ombane olinganisiweyo wemoto), ukunciphisa ukuhla kwamandla ombane ombane, kwaye uqinisekise. ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo kwezixhobo zombane zomsebenzisi ngamnye.
1. Ukuchasa uchungechunge (okanye ukusabela) ukunyathela phantsi kwesekethe yokulawula ukuqala
Ngexesha lenkqubo yokuqala yemoto, ukuxhathisa (okanye ukusabela) kuhlala kuqhagamshelwe kuthotho kwisekethe yestator yesigaba esithathu ukunciphisa umbane kwi-stator winding, ukuze imotor ikwazi ukuqaliswa kumbane ocuthiweyo ukufezekisa injongo. yokunqanda ukuqala kwangoku.Nje ukuba isantya semoto sisondele kwixabiso elilinganisiweyo, cima ukuxhathisa kochungechunge (okanye ukusabela), ukuze i-motor ingene ekusebenzeni okuqhelekileyo kombane opheleleyo.Umbono woyilo wolu hlobo lwesekethe uhlala kukusebenzisa umgaqo wexesha ukusika ukuchasana (okanye ukusabela) kuthotho xa uqala ukugqiba inkqubo yokuqala.
I-Stator string resistance step-down start control circuit
• Inzuzo yokumelana nochungechunge oluqalayo kukuba isiphaluka solawulo sinesakhiwo esilula, ixabiso eliphantsi, isenzo esithembekileyo, ukuphuculwa kwamandla ombane, kwaye kukulungele ukuqinisekisa umgangatho wegridi yamandla.Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokunciphisa i-voltage yokumelana nomtya we-stator, ukuqala kwangoku kuyancipha ngokomlinganiselo we-voltage ye-stator, kwaye i-torque yokuqala iyancipha ngokwexesha lesikwele somlinganiselo we-voltage drop ratio.Ngexesha elifanayo, isiqalo ngasinye sisebenzisa amandla amaninzi.Ke ngoko, inqanaba lesithathu le-squirrel-cage motor asynchronous lithatha indlela yokuqala yokumelana nenqanaba-ezantsi, elilungele kuphela iimotor ezincinci kunye neziphakathi ezifuna ukuqala okugudileyo kunye nezihlandlo apho ukuqala kungenzeki rhoqo.Iinjini ezinomthamo omkhulu ubukhulu becala zisebenzisa uthotho lokusabela ukuthoba ukuqala.
2. Umtya we-autotransformer inyathelo-phantsi lokuqala isiphaluka solawulo
• Kwisiphaluka solawulo lwe-auto-transformer step-down-down starting, ukukhawulela i-current current ye-motor kufezekiswa ngesenzo sokuhla se-auto-transformer.Iprayimari ye-autotransformer ixhunywe kumandla ombane, kwaye isibini se-autotransformer sixhunyiwe kwi-motor.Isekondari ye-autotransformer ngokubanzi ineempompo ezi-3, kwaye iintlobo ezi-3 zombane wamaxabiso ahlukeneyo zinokufumaneka.Xa isetyenziswa, inokukhethwa ngokuguquguqukayo ngokweemfuno zokuqalisa ngoku kunye nokuqalisa i-torque.Xa i-motor iqala, i-voltage efunyenwe yi-stator winding yi-voltage yesibini ye-autotransformer.Nje ukuba isiqalo sigqitywe, i-autotransformer iyanqunyulwa, kwaye i-motor iqhagamshelwe ngokuthe ngqo kunikezelo lwamandla, oko kukuthi, i-voltage ephambili ye-autotransformer ifunyenwe, kwaye i-motor ingena ekusebenzeni kombane ogcweleyo.Olu hlobo lwe-autotransformer luhlala lubizwa ngokuba ngumhlawuleli wokuqala.
• Ngethuba lokunyuka kwenkqubo yokuqalisa i-autotransformer, umlinganiselo wokuqalisa ngoku ukuya kwi-torque yokuqala uyancitshiswa ngesikwere somlinganiselo wenguqu.Ngaphantsi kwemeko yokufumana i-torque efanayo yokuqalisa, okwangoku efunyenwe kwigridi yamandla yi-autotransformer inyathelo-phantsi iqala incinci kakhulu kunoko kunye nokuchasana kwesinyathelo-phantsi ukuqala, impembelelo kwigridi yangoku incinci, kunye nokulahlekelwa kwamandla. incinci.Ngoko ke, i-autotransformer ibizwa ngokuba ngumhlawuleli wokuqala.Ngamanye amazwi, ukuba i-current current yobukhulu obufanayo ifunyenwe kwigridi yamandla, i-step-down eqala nge-autotransformer iya kuvelisa i-torque enkulu yokuqala.Le ndlela yokuqalisa isoloko isetyenziselwa iimoto ezinomthamo omkhulu kunye nokusebenza okuqhelekileyo kuqhagamshelo lweenkwenkwezi.Ukungalungi kukuba i-autotransformer iyabiza, isakhiwo sokumelana nesihlobo sinzima, umthamo mkhulu, kwaye uyilwe kwaye wenziwe ngokwenkqubo yokusebenza engapheliyo, ngoko ke ukusebenza rhoqo akuvumelekanga.
3. Y-△ inyathelo-phantsi isiqalo solawulo lwesekethe
I-advanteji yesigaba sesithathu se-squirrel-cage ye-asynchronous motor ene-Y-△ inyathelo lokuya ezantsi: xa i-stator winding iqhagamshelwe inkwenkwezi, amandla ombane okuqalisa yi-1/3 xa udibaniso lwe-delta lusetyenziswa ngokuthe ngqo, kwaye ukuqala ngoku yi 1/3 yaloo xa udibaniso lwe delta lusetyenziswa./ 3, ngoko iimpawu zokuqala zangoku zilungile, isiphaluka silula, kwaye utyalo-mali luncinci.Ukungalungi kukuba i-torque yokuqala iyancitshiswa ibe yi-1/3 yendlela yokudibanisa i-delta, kwaye iimpawu ze-torque zihluphekile.Ngoko ke lo mgca ufanelekile kumthwalo okhanyayo okanye akukho mthwalo wokuqalisa amaxesha.Ukongeza, kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ukuhambelana kolwalathiso lokujikeleza kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo xa udibanisa uY-
Ixesha lokuposa: Jun-30-2022