Ukunyuka kwexabiso elihlangeneyo lezithuthi zombane, ngaba iChina iya kubambelela "nickel-cobalt-lithium"?

Khokela:Ngokwezibalo ezingaphelelanga, phantse zonke iintlobo zezithuthi zombane, kubandakanya iTesla, BYD, Weilai, Euler, Wuling Hongguang MINI EV, njl., zibhengeze izicwangciso zokunyuka kwamaxabiso zobukhulu obahlukeneyo.Phakathi kwabo, uTesla unyuke iintsuku ezintathu ezilandelelanayo kwiintsuku ezisibhozo, kunye nokunyuka okukhulu ukuya kuma-yuan angama-20,000.

Isizathu sokunyuka kwexabiso ikakhulu ngenxa yokunyuka kwexabiso lezinto ezibonakalayo.

"Ukuchaphazeleka ngokuhlengahlengiswa kwemigaqo-nkqubo yelizwe kunye nokunyuka okuqhubekayo kwamaxabiso ezinto eziphathekayo kwiibhetri kunye neechips, iindleko zeemodeli ezahlukeneyo zeChery New Energy ziye zaqhubeka nokunyuka," kusho uChery.

"Ukuchatshazelwa zizinto ezininzi ezifana nokunyuka kwamaxabiso ezinto eziluhlaza phezulu kunye nokubonelela ngokubonelela ngokubonelela, uNezha uya kulungelelanisa amaxabiso eemodeli ezithengiswayo," kusho uNezha.

"Ukuchaphazeleka ngokunyuka okuqhubekayo kwamaxabiso ezinto eziphathekayo, i-BYD iya kulungelelanisa amaxabiso esikhokelo esisemthethweni semodeli yamandla amatsha afana neDynasty.com kunye ne-Ocean.com," kusho i-BYD.

Ukuqwalasela izizathu zokunyuka kwamaxabiso okuvakaliswa ngumntu wonke, "ixabiso lezinto eziluhlaza liqhubeka linyuka ngokukhawuleza" sesona sizathu siphambili.Izinto ezingasetyenziswanga ezikhankanywe apha ikakhulu zibhekisa kwi-lithium carbonate.Ngokweendaba zeCCTV, uLiu Erlong, usekela-manejala olawulayo wenkampani entsha yezinto zamandla eJiangxi, uthe: “Ixabiso le (lithium carbonate) laligcinwe limalunga nama-50,000 yuan ngetoni nganye, kodwa emva konyaka, liye lagcinwa. ngoku inyuke yaya kuma 500,000 yuan.yuan ngetoni nganye.”

Ngokutsho kolwazi loluntu, kwiminyaka yokuqala yokuphuhliswa kwezithuthi zombane, iibhetri ze-lithium zaye zabala malunga ne-50% yeendleko zezithuthi zombane, apho i-lithium carbonate ibalwa kwi-50% yeendleko zexabiso le-lithium.I-Lithium carbonate yenza i-5% ukuya kwi-7.5% yeendleko zezithuthi zombane ezicocekileyo.Ukunyuka kwamaxabiso okuphambeneyo kwizinto ezinjalo ezingundoqo kuyingozi kakhulu ekukhuthazeni izithuthi zombane.

Ngokwezibalo, imoto yebhetri ye-lithium iron phosphate enamandla angama-60kWh idinga malunga ne-30kg ye-lithium carbonate.Imoto yebhetri ye-lithium ye-ternary enamandla angama-51.75kWh ifuna malunga ne-65.57kg ye-nickel kunye ne-4.8kg ye-cobalt.Phakathi kwabo, i-nickel kunye ne-cobalt yizinyithi ezinqabileyo, kwaye ukugcinwa kwazo kwimithombo ye-crustal ayiphezulu, kwaye iyabiza.

KwiForam yoSomashishini yaseYabuli ngo-2021, uSihlalo we-BYD u-Wang Chuanfu wachaza inkxalabo yakhe malunga ne "ternary lithium battery": ibhetri ye-ternary isebenzisa i-cobalt eninzi kunye ne-nickel, kwaye i-China ayinayo i-cobalt kunye ne-nickel encinci, kwaye i-China ayikwazi ukufumana ioli. ukusuka kwioli.Intamo yekhadi iguqulelwe kwintamo yekhadi le-cobalt kunye ne-nickel, kwaye iibhetri ezisetyenziswe kwizinga elikhulu azikwazi ukuthembela kwiintsimbi ezinqabileyo.

Enyanisweni, njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngasentla, kungekhona kuphela "i-ternary material" yeebhetri ze-lithium ze-ternary ziba ngumqobo ekuphuhliseni izithuthi zombane - oku seso sizathu sokuba abaninzi abavelisi bahlola "iibhetri ezingenayo i-cobalt" kunye nobunye ubuchwepheshe bebhetri obutsha. , nokuba I-lithium (ibhetri ye-lithium ye-phosphate ye-iron) eyathi u-Wang Chuanfu "ngoovimba abaninzi", kwaye iphinda ibone impembelelo yokunyuka okubukhali kwixabiso lezinto eziluhlaza ezifana ne-lithium carbonate.

Ngokutsho kwedatha yoluntu, i-China ngoku ixhomekeke ekuthengisweni kwe-80% yezibonelelo zayo ze-lithium.Ukusukela ngo-2020, izibonelelo ze-lithium zelizwe lam zizi-5.1 zezigidi zeetoni, zibalelwa kwi-5.94% yezixhobo zizonke zehlabathi.IBolivia, iArgentina kunye neChile kuMzantsi Melika zibalelwa malunga nama-60%.

U-Wang Chuanfu, naye usihlalo we-BYD, wasebenzisa ezintathu i-70% ukuchaza ukuba kutheni efuna ukuphuhlisa izithuthi zombane: ukuxhomekeka kwioli yangaphandle kudlula i-70%, kwaye ngaphezu kwe-70% yeoli kufuneka ingene e-China ukusuka e-South China Sea ( i "South China Sea Crisis" ngo-2016) abenzi bezigqibo baseTshayina baziva bengakhuselekanga kwiindlela zokuthutha ioli), kwaye ngaphezu kwe-70% yeoli isetyenziswe kwishishini lezothutho.Namhlanje, imeko yezibonelelo ze-lithium ayibonakali inethemba.

Ngokweengxelo zeendaba zeCCTV, emva kokutyelela inani leenkampani zeemoto, sifunde ukuba lo mjikelo wokunyuka kwexabiso ngoFebruwari ukusuka kwi-yuan eyi-1,000 ukuya kwi-yuan eyi-10,000.Ukusukela ngoMatshi, phantse i-20 iinkampani zezithuthi zamandla amatsha ziye zabhengeza ukunyuka kwamaxabiso, okubandakanya phantse iimodeli ezingama-40.

Ngoko, ngokukhawuleza ukuthandwa kwezithuthi zombane, ngaba amaxabiso abo aya kuqhubeka nokunyuka ngenxa yeengxaki zezinto eziphathekayo ezifana nezixhobo ze-lithium?Izithuthi zombane ziya kunceda ilizwe linciphise ukuxhomekeka kwayo kwi "petrodollars", kodwa ngaba "izibonelelo ze-lithium" Kuthiwani ngokuba ngomnye umbandela ongalawulekiyo obambekayo?

 


Ixesha lokuposa: Apr-22-2022